Flaxseed lignans plays a role in antiatherosclerosis including anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, potent angiogenic, and antiapoptotic properties. Graphic abstractįlaxseed ( Linum usitatissimum L.) is widely used as a functional food in the world, because it is a rich source of linolenic acid, lignans (secoisolariciresinol diglucoside ), and soluble and both insoluble dietary fibers, which are related to cholesterol control. Moreover, a linear relationship between dose of whole flaxseed and absolute changes in C-reactive protein ( P = 0.036) and a nonlinear relationship between with IL-6 ( P 25. However, different flaxseed products showed obviously different effects. The present meta-analysis revealed that flaxseed consumption had an overall beneficial effect on serum TC, LDL-C, TG, apo B and IL-6 in patients with dyslipidemia related diseases, but not on apo A, HDL-C, hs-CRP, CRP and anthropometric indices. Thirty-one RCTs involving 1,698 participants were included. Weighted mean differences with the 95% confidence interval (CI) were pooled using fix or random-effects models. Literature search was performed in PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Central, Scopus, and Web of Science from the inception dates to January, 2020. This systematic review and dose–response meta-analysis on randomized controlled trials (RCTs) is first to evaluate effects of different flaxseed products (whole flaxseed, oil and lignans) on lipid profiles, inflammatory and anthropometric parameters in patients with dyslipidemia related diseases. Flaxseed is widely used as a functional food for its rich sources of linolenic acid, lignans and dietary fibers in the world.
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